In a late Thursday afternoon message to their national manufactured home trade association readers, the Manufactured Housing Institute (MHI) issued a “Housing Alert” email which proclaimed that “Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing.” Complete with one of their periodically used oversized logos, the message said that “HUD Secretary Marcia Fudge” was “the sole witness” and the Congressional oversight hearing which occurred on that same date. MHI claimed: “manufactured housing played a key role throughout the hearing. MHI briefed committee members prior to today’s [i.e.: 1.11.2024] hearing to keep them updated on our key legislative concerns.”
- Part I of this report and weekly manufactured housing industry (a.k.a. MHVille) headlines in review will be the complete body of the text of the MHI email.
- Part II of this report will include the inquiries to MHI, to MHI’s designated communications team, and their responses with an analysis.
- Part III will include the Sunday weekly headlines recap, followed by our signature weekly postscript topic.
Part I
From: MHI [mailto:info@mfghome.org]
Sent: Thursday, January 11, 2024
Subject: Housing Alert – Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing
Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing
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MHProNews note: the video below is the one linked from the MHI email above. More on that later.
Part II – Additional Information with More MHProNews Analysis and Commentary
There are several oddities about this email to MHI members.
1) For example, it fails to mention any updates on the MHI-TMHA litigation with respect to the DOE’s pending energy rule. Yet, as MHI themselves noted, the pending DOE manufactured housing energy rule may only be stopped if the legal case is properly perused. MHProNews has a source with knowledge that has asserted on 1.12.2024 that: “MHI still hasn’t cured the deficiency in their request for a sur-reply in the DOE litigation.” Why not? How did their attorneys allow the deficiency to occur in the first place? Recall our recent report, linked below, which details the issues at play. Recall too that MHI’s attorneys previously asserted that if this rule goes into effect that it will cause our industry “irreparable harm.” That “irreparable harm” sounds serious, doesn’t it? If so, then what are MHI’s leaders and attorneys waiting for anyway? Are MHI leaders hoping this looming DOE energy rule creates one or more additional consolidations useful to the association insider’s interests? Don’t forget the very distinctive way that the gas industry responded to the DOE rule that hit their profession.
2) The MHI email fails to mention the words “enhanced preemption” even though MHI staff and corporate leaders are on record saying that they want enhanced preemption enforced to overcome the zoning barriers that are part of the hearing in question. Why do they mention federal preemption sometimes, but not others? Are they trying to have it both ways, and if so, why? Is that also about consolidation, given that zoning barriers may be the single biggest limiting factor to the manufactured housing industry during an affordable housing crisis? What are they thinking, because it certainly doesn’t seem to be about promptly doing what ought to have occurred 2 decades ago. Consider what Duncan Bates, CEO at MHI member Legacy Housing said during an earnings call to investment analysts. Or what Cavco’s president and CEO, William “Bill” Boor said to Congress last summer.
![DuncanBatesPhotoLegacyHousingLogoQuoteZoningBarriersLookBiggestHeadwindIinThisEntireIndustryIsWhereToPut[HUDCodeManufactured]HomesMHProNews](http://www.manufacturedhomepronews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/DuncanBatesPhotoLegacyHousingLogoQuoteZoningBarriersLookBiggestHeadwindIinThisEntireIndustryIsWhereToPutHUDCodeManufacturedHomesMHProNews.jpg)
3) MHI fails to mention FHA Title I and the 10/10 rule. Strange, given that prior MHI president and CEO Gail Cardwell made the FHA Title I program a higher profile subject in her advocacy on behalf of the MHI trade organization. When it comes to grasping just how serious – in a positive sense – FHA Title I could be for manufactured housing’s return to growth, the illustration below from a PowerPoint used by MHI’s Cardwell ought to be a key item of evidence. Note that during the periods in question when more manufactured home lending options were in place, more manufactured home sales occurred. See the Cardwell report for more insights and details.
4) Nor is there any mention of the arguably deceptive prior MHI messaging on a previous hearing with HUD’s Sec. Fudge, explored in depth in the report linked here. MHI was accused then of messaging that was apparently capable of misleading industry members. That is reasonably a concern again, for reasons that report and this one details.
5) The MHI email was time stamped about 4 PM ET on 1.11.2024. A source with ties to manufactured housing provided this email the morning of 1.12.2024 to MHProNews. That same day, MHProNews reached out to three distinctive contacts associated with MHI.
a) The media relations contact that MHI has designated on their 2nd half of 2023 revised and evolving website.
Date: Fri, Jan 12, 2024 at 2:31 PM
Subject: Media request regarding MHI housing alert, includes DOE issue
To: <molly.boyle@fpmgi.com>
Cc: <nancy.neill@fpmgi.com>
Molly and Nancy,
MHI’s Policy Department,Regarding MHI’s housing alert of 1.11.2024, your email says that “MHI briefed committee members prior to today’s hearing to keep them updated on our key legislative concerns.”In reviewing your message, I saw no mention of:1) Enhanced preemption under the Manufactured Housing Improvement Act of 2000 (MHIA), which MHI’s CEO Leslie Gooch has said in writing that they want to see enforced by HUD. Last July 14, 2023, then MHI Vice Chairman William “Bill” Boor raised the topic in a Congressional hearing. Did MHI prepare lawmakers on that issue? If so, was the issue addressed? If so, how? If not, why not?2) I saw no mention of FHA’s nearly dormant Title I loan program. I saw no mention of the 10/10 rule, nor any mention of loan limits that make sense in the current pricing environment. Where those topics raised?
Since MHI said Molly and your firm are on point on the [DOE] energy rule issue, why hasn’t there been a response to the DOE’s motion? How did MHI’s attorneys allow this deficiency to occur in the first place?
Please email your response. We plan to report, likely this weekend. So a reply today is valued. Thanks,
Tony
L. A. “Tony” Kovach
Managing Member
LifeStyle Factory Homes, LLC
DBAs:
MHLivingNews.com | MHProNews.
Connect on LinkedIn:
http://www.linkedin.com/in/
+++ ##
b) MHProNews notes that the quoted part of the email above was from the message sent to the email address shown at the base of the MHI message in Part I above. Namely: “If you have any questions, please contact MHI’s Policy Department at MHIgov@mfghome.org…” As of the morning of 1.14.2024, there have been no responses from MHI’s “Policy Department.” Nor has there been a reply from either Boyle or her colleague, Nancy Neill. Silence. How serious can they be about ‘answering questions’ when they clearly do not answer questions that are apparently uncomfortable for them?
To shed light on the lack of a reply, consider this Q&A with Bing’s AI driven Copilot search function.
> “How important are transparency and timely or prompt responses from a media contact? Especially during a Friday outreach before a holiday weekend?”
In summary, transparency and timely responses are essential for media contacts, especially during a Friday outreach before a holiday weekend. It is important to ensure that the information is accurate, accessible, and disseminated through multiple channels to reach the intended audience…”
c) The top response to that same inquiry via Bing’s standard search was a post on the Conversation, which had this title: “Journalism needs to practice transparency in a different way to rebuild credibility.” The case can be made that there is no more transparent and complete reporting in manufactured housing trade media than MHProNews and our MHLivingNews sister site. That may explain why our engagement rate in 2023 was about double what it is for giant news sites like left-leaning CNN and right-leaning Fox News. No other trade media or bloggers that claim to be offering ‘news’ even come close, per the known data. They may repeat their tread worn claims, but if they had data to back it up, why don’t they do so in a public forum?
d) That post referenced on the Conversation said in part the following. “Public trust in media continues to hover near all-time lows, driven by perceptions that the news industry is partisan and peddles inaccurate information (“fake news”), as well as ambivalence about news from social media.
According to a new Knight Foundation report on news media trust, transparency is a key factor in restoring trust.” They cited: “The Society of Professional Journalists’ Code of Ethics defines transparency as “explaining one’s decisions to the public.”” MHProNews has for some years referenced bother the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) Code of Ethics and remarks from the American Press Institute (API) about the elements of good journalism. A key per API is this: “There are many kinds of journalism, but at the heart of their constitutional responsibilities, journalists are in the business of monitoring and keeping a check on people and institutions in power.”
e) With the above in mind, consider these Q&As with Bing Copilot.
> “Is it accurate to say that trust in several American institutions, including some trade associations, are near all time lows, per public surveys? Isn’t it considered to be a good practice for a trade association, or any other organization that wants to get and keep their credibility high with the public, to be as prompt and transparent as possible in responding to media inquiries?”
In summary, transparency and timely responses are essential for media contacts, especially during a Friday outreach before a holiday weekend. It is important to ensure that the information is accurate, accessible, and disseminated through multiple channels to reach the intended audience. Trade associations, or any other organization that wants to get and keep their credibility high with the public, should prioritize transparency and promptness in responding to media inquiries.
Learn more
> “It is accurate to say that for at least the better part of a decade that the Manufactured Housing Institute has come under fire from past and current members as well as other sources for a lack of transparency? Is it also accurate to say that the Manufactured Housing Institute has been accused directly and indirectly from sources inside and outside of manufactured housing of having an unstated agenda to consolidate the industry into the hands of ever-fewer insider brands that are routinely members of the Manufactured Housing Institute and/or their so-called state association affiliates?”
Transparency and timely responses are crucial for media contacts, especially during a Friday outreach before a holiday weekend 1…
In summary, transparency and timely responses are essential for media contacts, especially during a Friday outreach before a holiday weekend. It is important to ensure that the information is accurate, accessible, and disseminated through multiple channels to reach the intended audience. Trade associations, or any other organization that wants to get and keep their credibility high with the public, should prioritize transparency and promptness in responding to media inquiries.
>”Cavco Industries (CVCO) was the subject of a probe that was followed by a legal action launched the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Cavco reportedly paid fines to settle that case that totaled 7 figures. They also reportedly were hit by probes from firms representing shareholders, and supposedly there were out of court settlements on some of those matters too, is that all correct? That said, is it important for a firm that emerged from that cloud of legal issues to be transparent and timely in dealing with media inquiries? Given that Cavco’s William Bill Boor is currently the chairman of the Manufactured Housing Institute, isn’t that all the more important?”
Given that Cavco’s William Bill Boor is currently the chairman of the Manufactured Housing Institute, it is all the more important for Cavco Industries to prioritize transparency and promptness in responding to media inquiries. Trade associations, or any other organization that wants to get and keep their credibility high with the public, should prioritize transparency and promptness in responding to media inquiries 2…”
8) From the perspective of shareholders, the oddities of the behavior and statements by Cavco’s leadership may go to the issue of SEC rules regarding materiality. Like MHI, Cavco’s leaders can’t have it both ways.
9) With the above items in mind, MHProNews also sent an inquiry directly to MHI Chairman Boor, to MHI CEO Gooch, and to MHI outside attorney David Goch.
| from: | L. A. Tony K [on behalf of MHProNews/MHLivingNews] | ||
| to: | William “Bill” Boor @cavco.com Lesli Gooch @mfghome.org |
||
| cc: | David Goch @wc-b.com |
||
| date: | Jan 12, 2024, 2:37 PM | ||
| subject: | Request for comments: Media request regarding MHI housing alert, includes DOE issue |
Bill, Lesli, and David,
The forwarded text of the email above to MHI’s designated media contacts followed.
So, 3 sets of messages, a total of 6 professionals contacted. As of Sunday morning, no replies were received by MHProNews from any of those sources.
10) Perhaps MHI hopes that the industry’s readers aren’t on the MHARR email list? Or on our MHProNews email list? Or maybe they hope that people don’t visit their and our websites? Why would that matter? Because facts matter. Evidence matters. Didn’t MHI tout the Biden regime’s housing plan that mentioned manufactured housing numerous times? And didn’t manufactured housing production fall after the Biden housing plan get released? The correct answer to that is: “Yes,” manufactured housing production has fallen for 13 straight months in year-over-year new home production. Oops.
So, do MHI leaders think that merely mentioning manufactured housing a few times during a Congressional hearing is supposed to impress the industry’s THINKING readers? Look at the facts. Notice how that in MHI’s other recent email and in this new one, how those pesky facts are ignored?
There is much more that can be unpacked in the above. In fact, the above is arguably just a warmup. See the postscript that follows the headlines for the week in review for more on this MHI “Housing Alert.” MHI leaders certainly won’t want to miss it.
Notice: remarks from Tim Williams are in the top linked report on MHLivingNews.
Part III – MHProNews’ Signature and Exclusive MHVille Sunday Weekly Headlines in Review
With no further adieu, what follows are the headlines for the week that was from 1.7.2024 to 1.14.2024.
What’s New on MHLivingNews
Note the report below, while a Christmas theme, has “365 Days a Year Importance.”
Note: articles about the rich and famous who own and live in a manufactured home have for years been popular fare on MHLivingNews and/or on MHProNews.
What’s New on the Masthead
Note: while this has an MHI holiday greeting image, the focus of this post is MHI’s new meetings policy. If someone plans to attend any event of any kind during 2024 or beyond, and if this outlandish MHI meetings policy remains in effect, this a “must read.” This was mentioned in Part II, above.
What’s New on the Daily Business News on MHProNews
Saturday 1.13.2024
Friday 1.12.2024
Thursday 1.11.2024
Wednesday 1.10.2024
Tuesday 1.9.2024
(MHProNews Note: Don’t Miss the Buffett-Berkshire-Gates Connections)
Monday 1.8.2024
Sunday 1.7.2024
Postscript
“On Thursday, January 11, 2024, at 10:00 am, the Committee will hold a hearing entitled, “Oversight of the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Federal Housing Administration.” Testifying at the hearing will be: The Honorable Marcia Fudge, Secretary, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.” That is from the Congressional document found linked here, which is the official hearing memorandum.
MHProNews notes: in a message to manufactured housing industry pros dated Thursday, January 11, 2024 posted in Part I above, the Manufactured Housing Institute (MHI) sent an email to members that said: “Subject: Housing Alert – Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing.”
The House Financial Services Committee in a document linked here created a 5-page memorandum of the topics to be discussed. But a review using the WORD search of that official hearing memorandum document revealed NO mention of manufactured housing or manufactured homes.
There was no mention of FHA Title I.
Nor was there any mention of MHI’s alternative terms for manufactured housing, such as: “factory built,” “off-site built” or their multi-year and still failing to produce noteworthy results with CrossMod homes – all not mentioned at all.
Meaning, what MHI is spotlighting with their “housing alert” is an occasional mention of manufactured housing during a hours-long hearing on subjects that occurred when someone asked a question or HUD Secretary Fudge gave a reply.
Bluntly, the evidence reflects that manufactured housing was hardly “prominent.”
This is what is known as window dressing. A sop. This happens in Congress for the purposes of giving donors something to point to, just as MHI is using it.
Indeed, manufactured housing was arguably the opposite of being prominently featured.
Which means that once more, MHI has attempted to deceive their own members, to mislead potential members, through what they may think of as clever messaging.
Very relevant to this is a prior example that reveals just how apparently deceptive MHI has been in their latest, and some of their prior messages. Whatever quotes MHI wants to spotlight in their posturing and paltering email, the reality is that Secretary Fudge has already stated her position. Fudge’s view is apparently the position of the Biden regime on manufactured housing. That position is that the zoning barriers issues will be the perpetual state of affairs, apparently until MHI litigates this issue. That’s reality. That’s the bottom line. Everything else has been described by MHARR as a shell game on steroids. See Fudge on video with transcripts in the fact- and evidence-packed post linked below.
Manufactured housing didn’t even get mention in the official House Financial Services Committee topics memorandum, again, see that document linked here. So. Manufactured homes were not prominent, despite MHI’s claim to the contrary.
This question was put to Bing’s AI powered Copilot for an objective look at this concern.
Note that Bing initially tries to bend over backwards to give MHI the most favorable interpretation possible. But then notice the back and forth and how Bing adjusts its statements afterwards. Bold and brown in Bing’s reply is added by MHProNews for emphasis, but the search result reply text is as shown.
> “A Manufactured Housing Institute email dated 1.11.2024 said: “Subject: Housing Alert – Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing.” Can you find any mention of Manufactured Housing on the House Financial Services hearing website for that hearing on that date? https://financialservices.house.gov/calendar/eventsingle.aspx?EventID=409091 Can you find any mention of that Manufactured Housing Institute “Housing Alert” email on that date the Manufactured Housing Institute website? Can you find any mention of that Manufactured Housing Institute email anywhere else online?”
- The House Financial Services Committee held a hearing on January 11, 2024, titled “Oversight of the Federal Housing Administration’s Single-Family Insurance Program” 1. I could not find any mention of “Manufactured Housing” on the hearing website you provided.
- I found no mention of the “Housing Alert” email from the Manufactured Housing Institute on their website 2.
- I could not find any mention of the “Housing Alert” email from the Manufactured Housing Institute anywhere else online.“
While Bing AI is imperfect, as their own disclosures indicate, once this article goes live, the last remark and perhaps others might change for those who test that question posted for themselves. Again, MHProNews is adding bold and brown below in the Bing reply for emphasis, but their text is unchanged.
> “Okay, thanks. I didn’t find it elsewhere online either. Please define “Prominently” and “prominent.” Then, explain – if possible – how the Manufactured Housing Institute could claim logically and objectively claim: “Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing” when it isn’t even on the meeting agenda, and there is no record of their email anywhere online.”
The Manufactured Housing Institute’s claim that “Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing” is subjective and cannot be proved true or false by any generally accepted criteria 2. It is possible that the Manufactured Housing Institute believes that their testimony was important and noteworthy, even if it was not explicitly mentioned on the meeting agenda or in the public record. However, without any evidence to support their claim, it is difficult to evaluate the accuracy of their statement.
In general, objective claims are statements about factual matters that can be proved true or false using widely recognized criteria and methods 3. Subjective claims, on the other hand, are expressions of belief, opinion, or personal preference that cannot be proved right or wrong by any generally accepted criteria 3. The Manufactured Housing Institute’s claim that “Manufactured Housing Features Prominently During House Oversight Hearing” is a subjective claim because it is based on their own interpretation of the events and cannot be verified using widely recognized criteria.
I hope this helps!
>”Pardon me, Bing, but that appears to be far too generous to Manufactured Housing Institute. MHI is claiming to their members and readers that this is “news” and is sent as a “housing alert” as if it were important news. News is supposed to be an accurate account of an event, not a subjective opinion which ought to be clearly labeled if that is the case. You said it yourself in those definitions: “prominently” means “in a way that stands out so as to be easily seen; noticeably or conspicuously” 1. “Prominent” means “important, famous, or noticeable” This “housing alert” isn’t even prominent on their own website! Whatever their intention may or may not be, objectively – and that was my question – isn’t it objectively true that their remarks were demonstrably misleading? What are the kinds of words that someone typically calls a statement that is demonstrably misleading and objectively false?”
A statement that is demonstrably misleading and objectively false is often referred to as a lie, falsehood, or misrepresentation23. These terms describe a statement that is intentionally or unintentionally inaccurate and can be proven to be so using widely recognized criteria and methods.
I hope this clarifies your question. Please let me know if you have any further questions or concerns.
Learn more
> “OK. If the Manufactured Housing Institute made statements that were “demonstrably misleading and objectively false is often referred to as a lie, falsehood, or misrepresentation” doesn’t that help explain why the Manufactured Housing Institute has come under fire from the Manufactured Housing Association for Regulatory Reform (MHARR), consumer advocate groups like Doug Ryan at Prosperity Now, Samuel Strommen with Knudson Law, and others who have evidence to support allegations that the trade group has become a tool for consolidators in the 21st century since the dawn of what has been called the Berkshire Hathaway era of manufactured housing?”
The allegations against MHI are serious and have led to calls for greater transparency and accountability within the organization 1. Critics argue that MHI has become too closely aligned with the interests of large corporations and has lost sight of its original mission to represent the entire manufactured housing industry 1. However, MHI has defended its actions and maintains that it is committed to promoting the interests of all members of the manufactured housing industry 1.
It is important to note that these allegations are based on subjective interpretations of the events and may not be shared by all parties involved. However, the evidence presented by MHARR, consumer advocate groups, and others suggests that there are legitimate concerns about the role of MHI in the manufactured housing industry.
I hope this helps!
Learn more
> “Bing, has the Manufactured Housing Institute to your knowledge ever directly responded to the allegations of, for example, Samuel Strommen with Knudson Law? Didn’t Strommen essentially say in a legal thesis for Knudson Law that based upon the objective evidence that is known, someone can infer the intention of a person or group? Didn’t Strommen say that leaders at the Manufactured Housing Institute are apparently guilty of “felony” antitrust violations? While that hasn’t been litigated, and people in the U.S. are presumed innocent in the eyes of the law until they are proven guilty or plead guilty in a court of law, the fact that MHI apparently lacks transparency, is apparently attempting to deceive their own members and others in manufactured housing who read their materials, don’t these allegations reflect possible violations of the law as well as violations of what a trade organization is supposed to do?”
The allegations against MHI reflect possible violations of the law as well as violations of what a trade organization is supposed to do 4. Transparency and honesty are essential for any organization, especially a trade organization that represents an entire industry 4. If the allegations against MHI are true, then it would be a serious breach of trust with their members and the manufactured housing industry as a whole 4.
I hope this helps!
Learn more
1 manufacturedhomepronews.com 2 einpresswire.com 3 einpresswire.com 4 manufacturedhomelivingnews.com 5 manufacturedhomepronews.com 6 manufacturedhousing.org 7 manufacturedhousing.org 8 manufacturedhomepronews.com 9 manufacturedhousing.org 10 manufacturedhousing.org 11 manufacturedhomepronews.com 12 manufacturedhomepronews.com 13 manufacturedhomelivingnews.com 14 manufacturedhomepronews.com“
> “Bing, you are not an attorney, but you can scan the internet and see what the law says and what attorneys say about certain subjects, is that correct? So, the Manufactured Housing Institute stands credibly accused of misleading its own members and others in the manufactured housing industry, isn’t that an accurate observation? There are multiple antitrust class action lawsuits against several prominent Manufactured Housing Institute members underway at this time, isn’t that correct? So, there are apparently attorneys who believe that they have sufficient evidence to launch litigation of an alleged conspiracy among members of the Manufactured Housing Institute and/or Manufactured Housing Institue linked state associations that harms consumers, correct? If consumers are harmed, and their is negative publicity involved, doesn’t that obviously create blowback in the public for the entire industry? Meaning, can’t even innocent and ethical businesses and professionals be tainted in the minds of some in the light of such allegations and evidence? And isn’t it the job of evidence-minded trade media and news platforms to expose such allegations, evidence, and concerns?”
If the allegations against MHI members are true, then it would be a serious breach of trust with their members and the manufactured housing industry as a whole 2. Innocent and ethical businesses and professionals could be tainted in the minds of some in the light of such allegations and evidence 2. It is the job of evidence-minded trade media and news platforms to expose such allegations, evidence, and concerns 2.
I hope this helps!
Learn more
> “I think this will be the last question for now on this topic. Every year the Manufactured Housing Institute has to file an IRS Form 990. In that form MHI has made claims that they want to expand the industry, and they make similar claims on their website, correct? Meaning, they have stated that part of their objective is industry growth. But instead of industry growth, manufactured housing is operating about less than 30 percent of its last high in 1998, isn’t all of that factually accurate? Several prominent Manufactured Housing Institute members have testified to Congress, which normally occurs under truth in testimony certification, isn’t that correct? So, it seems plausible, based on known evidence, that not only have key people involved in the Manufactured Housing Institute engaged in evidence-based allegations of antitrust, RICO, and other possible criminal and/or civil actions, but that they have also engaged in perjury under oath and various forms of misrepresentation to their own members and others who are not part of the alleged conspiracy to consolidate the industry, is that a reasonable summation of the concerns? And if so, aren’t their ripple effects for government, taxpayers, and others? Didn’t Cavco Industries say that the lack of affordable housing costs the U.S. some $2 trillion dollars a year in lost Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? Meaning, millions of Americans, including some not involved in manufactured housing, could be harmed by such behavior, isn’t that a reasonable and logical thought process?”
I hope this helps!
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By L.A. “Tony” Kovach – for MHProNews.com.
Tony earned a journalism scholarship and earned numerous awards in history and in manufactured housing.
For example, he earned the prestigious Lottinville Award in history from the University of Oklahoma, where he studied history and business management. He’s a managing member and co-founder of LifeStyle Factory Homes, LLC, the parent company to MHProNews, and MHLivingNews.com.
This article reflects the LLC’s and/or the writer’s position and may or may not reflect the views of sponsors or supporters.
Connect on LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/latonykovach
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